gopfin



F. 0. Gourmet NEW YORK.

N. r. ASSIGNOR 11 e- B. ELY.

Specification of LettersIPatent No. 119,660; dated March 21, 1854 7' To allwhomz't may concern:

Be it known that I, F. C. GQFFIN, of the city, county, and State of New York, have f invented new and useful Improvements in Locks; and I do hereby declare that the fol-v with the slot and notch holders engaged with the sectors. Fig. 3- is an out ide side viewv showing the two positions of the bolt holder. Fig. 4: is a rear view of the lock with the back part of theoutside shell removed. Fig. 5 is a View of one of the, notched sectors. Fig. 6 is a View of the key. I

Similar marks of reference refer to similar parts inall the figures. f The object of my invention is to produce a lock that is cheap and simple and that cannot be picked by any known process. And I 0f uniform size. Wh n the keyi thr st I- accomplish this, first, by so constructing the parts that their relative positions. can-' not be ascertained from without 'by the, sense of feelinggfsecond, by socombin-i-ng and arranging them that access cannot be had to them by drilling; andthird, by so making the outer shell as to prevent the introduction "of powder and the retention thereof if introduced. y

Locks are-ordinarily picked either first by. pressing back the bolt. or its stump against the tumblers and then ,Inoving the tumble-rs up andwdown till the absence of any resistance indicates to the fine touch the position .of the recess made 'toreceive the stump or second, by drilling into the side of the look from the front .of theldoor and then by. the use of proper instruments bringing the recesses lot-the tuinbilers. into a line so asto shoot back the bolt; or third, i

ibentfingerlor catch (4;)? and a spring (5).

The. catch extends across the whole of the 1 out entirely springing the boi-t; or fourth, gsectors aiid engages with all theslotsthereof, V.,*is another "arm .or, notch holder with a by filing the bolt so that-whenunlocked the key will turn and spring thetumblers withby introducing powder sufficient to .blow up. the lock and release its fastenings.v

My lloc-k presents an. .effectualibarr-ier to each and all of :the abovemethods, while in many, if not all cases, if it be tampered with it will indicate the fact to .the nextrparty who may have occasion to use the key.

To enable others skilled inthe art to make (16 View of the: lock with g u e'my in enti n I W l pro eed t -dc-' scribe its construction and operation,

is h key hole th ug w h he ey @Fig. 6, is inserted into the look. It runs horizonta ly cros the ro-h of h 0 and l is only large enough. to admit the key which is made. of sheetsteel, while it is of such item an s z t at 1 p der or t r g the luck- Wh ch t e key hole pa s is t t hi h comeswc t hrough e t-e P ate cf e doorto the. front, surface thereof.

I II, is a series or gang of sec-tors of any id siired number more than two which re- ?front of.t e QO d which re pu hed their common axis, )Theperipheries, ofpthe two outsidesectors, only one of which is 5 shown, are smooth, excepting the slots, 2),, The peripheries of the rest ar n he a in. (3') Fig. 5, Thetwo smoothsectMSmay 1 lowerpants of the others are of a uniform beyond the other .Seetcfsgwiill. presently appear. p p I IV, is .aastout arm ior slot holder witha The object of this bent finger or catch (-6) andfa.,sp ring (*7) common .(-8),1the -.arm V when they are disengaged or thrown back resting against Subs ance ca e tr e th o gh i into The projecting part through backward and upwardby the direct, pressure 1 he ,keyi, ea h o -he W r orI egu riv ties of which; bears against a sector. In each 1',

all Qwill thengbe in onelline parallel'with ivcl ve on alcommch axis (1) placedhori l ichtally and p a el ith he k y o an be varied in position and the numiberjim creased; butl deem this-number and posi 1 tion thejbest." The notched sectors andthe radius,;whi;le those parts of the smoothsec f Qto-rs which are above their slots are .of-@a greater radius thanathe rest, and project ent EUhlisYeatch.exterids onily t0 the sectors .t h are notched and engages with the notches thereof. The arms IV andVitur-nnpiona a a. portionofthe ,catch .(4) which passes across and beneath it between it and the sectors, or against a pin (9) projecting inward from the arm IV.

When the key is thrust into its shoulder, and'the slots of all the sectorsare brought into a line, the arm IV is thrown forward by its spring (5), and its catch (4) engages in all the slots and holds them in their position after the key is withdrawn. .At the 9 same time the arm V is thrown forward by its spring (7 and its catch (6) engages in the notches of the notched sectors above their slots. V a

VI is a push pin projecting through the front of the'lock and made with ahead on its inner end which strikes against the arm IV at the point (9). The head prevents its being drawn entirely out. By pressing this push pin against the arm IV that with the arm V is pushed backand disengagedfrom the sectors, which are then thIOWILClOWIl to their first position by the action oftheir springs (10).

VII, Fig. 3, is a stout arm or bolt holder placed on the outside of the shell of the lock. It is made of a stout piece of metal and moves on the axis (8). It also has a slot (11) into I which the pin (9) which comes through a slotin the side plate is inserted. Itis also furnished with aspring (l2). WVhen the 'slot holder is engaged with the sectors the bolt holder is thrown forward as in Fig. 3, and the bolts of the door are left free; and when the slot holder is disengaged from the sectors the bolt holder isthrown back into the position of held fixed and the door is fast. V a r VIII is the bottom'of the lock, and is left entirely 'open so that any powder or other foreign substance may fall out if once inserted therein, which however from thesi ze and shape and position of the key hole cannot be easily done. I will now proceed in general terms to describe the operation of my lock.

When the-door is to be unfastened the key (which acts only on the sectors) is inserted into the key hole and pressed against the sectors till they engage as before mentioned with the slot holder, and the bolt holder is thrown forward. The bolts are then free. The key is then withdrawn and no more needed till the door is to be again unfastoned. Then the door is to be fastenedthe' push pin is pressed against the slot holder (on which only it acts) until it is disengaged from the sectors and the bolt holder is thrown back. The door bolts are then fast. When the push pin is protruded the door is unfastened, and when it is pushed in the door is fast. It thus becomes an inthe dotted lines Fig. 3, and the bolts are dex of the state of the door whether fastor not. y 7

The object ofhaving one or moreof the sectors with a smooth periphery and greater radius isthis. When the slot holder is dis: engaged, its catch rests against the smooth and projecting sectors, and neither its catch nor that of the notch holder can touch either of the other sectors. If then the other and notched sectors are raised by any instrw ment they will movefreely up and down, and will thus afford no possible indication as to the position of their slots, either as regards each other or the catch of the slot holder. If the smooth sectors (and it must be all of either to allow the catch to move at all) be raised by any false key or other instrument so that their slots shall be in a position to receive the catch of the slot holder, the cat-ch will engage or slip in only as far as the surface of the notched sectors, and will there rest. In this position the catch of the notch holder will be brought down so as to engage with some of the notches of one or more of these sectors and hold them, fast in such a manner as to render it impossible to ascertain the relative positions of the slots andcatch by any known method. At the same time the position in which the several sectors will then be held will besuch and so irregularthat the true key cannot be made to operate to raise them again until after they shall have been restored to their proper position by being entirely disengaged from the catches. In this case any tampering with the lock will be made manifest to any one who may.

first subsequently have occasionto unlock the door by means of the true key. An other object of the smoothprojecting sectors is this: Being smooth. and projecting the key can be used and the sectors raised drilling through the door plate, &c., the

tumblers and bolt can be got atand their relative position. ascertained so faras to raise the tumblers and throw back the bolt with ease. This'cannot be done with my the parts is such that the sectors are made to vibrate lengthwise between the key hole or surface of thedoor and the slot holder in such manner that, in the first place, the slot and catch cannot be reached without piercing through the entire body of. the lock lengthwise; and in the second place, when lock. The combination and arrangement of 10,660 1 i g. Y

their engaging with each other. In other locks not unfrequently by introducing a file the bolt can be so filed away as that when subsequently thrown forward'by the key it will not entirely lock, butwill be left with its stump in the recesses of the tumblers so that it can be readily pushed back wit-ha Wire or other instrument. My lock on the contrary is so constructed and arranged that no file can be introduced or operated in any such manner or for any such purpose.

As to the application of powder to obtain access to a safe, the size and shape of my key hole with its depth will prevent the in troduction of powder to any injurious amount, while the open bottom of the lock will prevent its being retained it once introduced. Other locks called powder proof have been constructed, in some of which the key hole has been so protected that no powder could be introduced through it into the lock and in others holes or outlets have been made directly underneath the keyhole to allow the powder that might be introduced through the key hole to fall through; but in each of these cases, spaces or chambers have still been left in the locks either when the bolts were out or in, that is when locked or unlocked or both, of such situation as to be easily reached from the outside by drilling, and of such size as when reached to receive. and retain powder enough to explode and render the lock entirely useless against the attacks of the burglar. This is not the case with my lock. The arrangement and construction of the parts as connected with the outer shell is such that the whole interior I cavity is at all timesequally filled with the operating parts, of the lock, and there is; at no time whether locked or unlocked any chamber or space within that will receive or retain any powder if it can be reached by drilling or otherwise.

In all other locks the bolt ofthe lock is:

inside of the shell and is moved in an-dfout I deem a material'improvement.

1 Having thus fully described myfinvention,

what I claim as such, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is 1 p 1. The arrangement of the sectors in such manner that a part of the number shall have the portions above the slots of a radius greater than the rest, so as to project beyond the other sectors, and with smooth periphcries, substantially in the manner and for the purpose set forth. 7

2. The arrangement of slot holder and notch holder with the sectors by which, while the former engages with all the sectors, the latter engages with those only that scribed.

F. C. GOFFIN. Witnesses:

W. "N. ELY, M. S. BREWSTER.

by the operation of the key or knob. In I my lock the bolt or bolt holder is on the outside of the shell as above described which 

